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Further to its observation, the Committee requests the Government to provide information on the following points.
Article 2, paragraphs 1 and 2. Replacement of carcinogenic substances and agents. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government on the action taken for the replacement of the substances or agents referred to by this Article. It notes in particular that the Jorge Duprat Figuereido Occupational Health and Medicine Foundation (FUNDACENTRO) coordinates the National Programme for the Eradication of Silicosis, which the labour inspectorate considers to be a strategic project, with particular reference to mines and, as from March 2008 when Order No. 43 was adopted, marble works. The Committee notes that the Government provides extensive information on the efforts made for the replacement of asbestos and indicates that the Inter-Ministerial Commission for the Formulation of a National Policy on Asbestos made its position clear in favour of prohibiting the extraction, processing and use of asbestos in any of its forms and proposed the adoption of a scenario for the progressive replacement of asbestos. The report indicates that Brazil accounts for 11 per cent of the global production of asbestos as the third largest producer and retains reserves of 14 million tonnes, implying the availability of reserves for over 60 years of exploitation. The Government indicates that, taking into account Environmental Health Criterion 203 of the WHO International Programme on Chemical Safety, according to which there is no safe limit for exposure in relation to carcinogenic risks, a replacement scenario is being developed. Although the products of enterprises which operate without asbestos is still between 15 and 30 per cent more expensive than those in which it is used, it is envisaged that with time the costs will adjust by themselves. The Committee, noting the information on asbestos and the prevention of silicosis, requests the Government to provide information on the progress achieved in this respect and to supply details on the replacement of other carcinogenic products. It also once again asks the Government to provide information on the manner in which these standards are applied in practice.
Article 3. Protection of workers and establishment of a system of records. The Committee notes that the Standing National Commission on Benzene is discussing how the exposure of workers to benzene can be reduced with a view to improving supervision and reducing exposure, especially among workers not covered by a formal employment relationship with the enterprises concerned, such as those in the transport sector. In its previous observation, the Committee requested the Government to provide information on the data to be recorded in the register envisaged by Regulatory Standard No. 9 of 29 April 1994. The Government indicates that employers must keep the clinical history of each worker for 20 years after the worker has finished performing services in the enterprise, and for 30 years in the case of benzene. Furthermore, enterprises which use benzene and asbestos must be entered on the Register of the Ministry of Labour. The Committee requests the Government to provide further information on the data contained in the registers and on the manner in which it is ensured that enterprises keep such records. Furthermore, with reference to the comments made by SINDILIQUIDA/RS, which it noted in its observation, the Committee understands that driver-operators, as they are not in the formal employment of refineries, are not covered by their records. The Committee requests the Government to take measures for the establishment of appropriate records for these workers who are exposed to benzene and to provide information on this subject.
Article 5. Biological and other tests that have to be carried out on workers during the period of employment and thereafter. The Committee notes that it is currently only envisaged that examinations shall be undertaken after the termination of the employment relationship in the case of workers exposed to asbestos, which is not in conformity with this Article of the Convention, although it is planned to update Regulatory Standards Nos 7, 9 and 15 when the review of the Regulatory Standards respecting ionizing radiations has been complete. The Committee requests the Government to amend these Standards as rapidly as possible so as to bring them into conformity with the Convention and to keep it informed in this respect. It also requests the Government to adopt measures to ensure that all workers covered by the Convention are provided with such medical examinations or biological or other tests or investigations during the period of employment and thereafter as are necessary to evaluate their exposure and supervise their state of health in relation to the occupational hazards and to provide detailed information on this matter.
The Committee notes the Government’s report of 31 October 2008, containing a reply to the comments made by the Committee and those made by the Workers’ Union of the Road Transport of Liquids and Gases, Oil Derivatives and Chemical Products of Rio Grande do Sul (SINDILIQUIDA/RS), including the attachments referred to in the Committee’s comments under the Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155).
Article 1 of the Convention. Carcinogenic substances and agents to which occupational exposure shall be prohibited or made subject to authorization or control. The Committee notes that Decree No. 6042/07 contains a list of substances which causes diseases and occupational risk factors in which a series of substances are recognized as being carcinogenic. According to the report, by means of this Decree the Ministry of Social Security established a new mechanism to determine the link between health impairments and the work performed, and whether or not the enterprise has provided notification of the incident. The existence of links is recognized at three sequential and hierarchical stages: (1) the link is established between a substance and a health impairment when it is included in the list annexed to Decree No. 6042/07 and is known as a technical-occupational or work-related link; (2) the link is established when the worker suffers a health impairment related to the economic activities mentioned in the Decree, except when an expert from the Ministry issues a reasoned opinion setting aside the existence of the link, which is known as a technical-epidemiological prospective link; and (3) the link is established by an expert from the Social Security Department following an examination, even where the economic activity is not listed in the Decree, which is known as a technical individual link. The Government also refers to a series of recent developments regarding legislative and technical standards, such as the adoption of Act No. 12684 of the State of São Paolo prohibiting chrysotile asbestos and the discussion in the Standing Joint Tripartite Commission concerning Regulatory Standard No. 15 on ionizing radiations. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the effect given in practice to this mechanism for the establishment of occupational links envisaged in Decree No. 6042/07. The Committee also requests the Government to provide information on the manner in which the list of carcinogenic substances and agents to which occupational exposure shall be prohibited or made subject to authorization or control is periodically updated, and to keep it informed of any further developments in this respect.
Articles 4 and 5. Information on carcinogenic substances and agents and on the measures to be taken, to ensure that workers benefit from medical examinations and supervision of their state of health. SINDILIQUIDA/RS refers to the situation of workers in the petroleum sector in Rio Grande do Sul, and particularly to driver-operators. It affirms that in practice effect is not given to these provisions of the Convention, as information is not provided on the hazards of carcinogenic products, such as benzene. It adds that in innumerable cases appropriate medical examinations are not carried out to assess the exposure and state of health of workers in relation to occupational risks. SINDILIQUIDA/RS affirms that it is not possible to document all the cases in Brazil where there is a breach of these rules, but that through the report of the labour delegation of Rio Grande do Sul evidence is provided on a few specific cases such as violations by Petrobras, Shell and other enterprises in the sector. It concludes that such situations occur throughout the country and that action is not taken to bring an end to these abuses involving serious and often irreversible exposure. In its reply, the Government indicates that in Brazil the relevant Standards are NR-01, NR-07 establishing the Occupational Health Medical Programme and NR-09 on the Environmental Risks Programme. The Committee observes that the matter at issue is the effect given in practice to these provisions. The Committee, on the one hand, welcomes the quality and exhaustive nature of the reports of the labour delegation and, on the other, observes that these efforts have not yet succeeded in securing effective compliance with the legislation in practice. Nevertheless, these reports provide a useful assessment of the situation in practice. The Committee urges the Government to increase its efforts to take all necessary measures to give full effect to these provisions of the Convention and requests it to provide detailed information on measures taken and results achieved in practice, particularly in relation to the workers and sectors referred to above.
Article 6(c), and Part IV of the report form. Labour inspection services. The Government indicates that when enterprises are found to be systematically failing to comply with the legislation, the Ministry of Labour and the Office of the Public Prosecutor for Labour Matters can take civil action, in addition to increasing supervision carried out by the labour inspection services. Bearing in mind the communication of SINDILIQUIDA/RS, which indicates that neither the actions of the labour inspectorate nor the civil actions taken have succeeded in ensuring that the enterprises at issue comply with the legislation giving effect to the Convention, the Committee invites the Government to take all relevant measures to achieve progress in practice in such serious matters as exposure to carcinogenic substances.
The Committee is raising other matters in a request addressed directly to the Government.
1. The Committee notes the observations submitted by the Union of Workers in the Road Transport of Liquids and Gases, Oil Derivatives and Chemical Products (SINDILIQUIDA/RS), received together with attachments on 4 October 2007 and sent to the Government on 8 November 2007. It notes that the above organization alleges non-application of the following Articles of the Convention: Articles 4 and 5, Information on carcinogenic substances and agents and measures required; medical examinations and supervision of the state of health of the workers; and Article 6(c), Inspection services. The Committee requests the Government to respond to the observations by SINDILIQUIDA/RS.
2. The Committee refers to its previous comments on several provisions of the Convention, and again invites the Government to comment on the following matters.
3. Article 2, paragraphs 1 and 2. Replacing substances and agents to which workers may be exposed in the course of their work by non-carcinogenic substances or agents or by less harmful substances or agents and reducing the number of workers exposed to carcinogenic substances or agents. The Government refers to a series of instruments under which enterprises are, in general, required to adopt risk management programmes based on the principles of the prevention and limitation of occupational risks in the context of the ecological risk prevention programme (NR-09). The Committee takes note of the measures conducted by FUNDACERO and the Occupational Health and Safety Secretariat of the Ministry of Labour to ensure that priority is given to measures to replace carcinogenic substances and agents with less harmful substances and agents, and to reduce to a minimum the number of workers exposed and the length and level of exposure. The Committee requests the Government to send information on the effect given in practice to these general legislative provisions and on the results of the measures taken by FUNDACERO and the Occupational Safety and Health Secretariat.
4. Article 3. Measures to protect workers against the risks of exposure to carcinogenic substances or agents and to establish a system of records. The Committee notes from the Government’s last report that a national system for recording the various types of occupational cancer is being set up. It hopes that this national system will be in operation in the near future. It reminds the Government that the system for recording data for the prevention and control of occupational cancer involves keeping records of exposure and of medical examinations so that, as the years go by, it is possible to ascertain the effectiveness of the preventive measures and to identify remaining dangers or new ones. Referring to section 9.2.1(c) of Regulatory Standard No. 9 (NR-9) of 29 April 1994 which requires enterprises to keep a register of data, the Committee requests the Government to specify the data to be recorded in this register.
5. Article 5. Providing for biological examinations or other tests of workers during the period of employment and thereafter. With reference to its previous comments, the Committee again points out that in the event of exposure to specific occupational hazards, in addition to the medical examinations provided for in Regulatory Standard No. 7 (NR-7), special tests must be envisaged in order to detect exposure level and determine responses. Noting that the Government’s report contains no information in reply to its comments, the Committee again draws the Government’s attention to the indications in paragraph 5.2 of the ILO publication “Occupational cancer: Prevention and control”, in the Occupational Safety and Health Series No. 39, Geneva, 1989, which explain the importance of supplementing the medical examination of workers with biological monitoring. The Committee accordingly asks the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to ensure that the workers concerned undergo not only medical examinations at the various stages but also biological and other tests and investigations necessary to evaluating their exposure with a view to supervising their state of health in view of the occupational risks to which they are exposed.
6. Article 6(c) and Part IV of the report form. Inspection service responsible for supervising the practical application of the Convention. The Committee notes that the Government’s report does not contain the information it requested in its previous comments on the measures taken in the event of systematic failure to comply with the legislation on occupational safety and health and failure to pay the fines imposed for breach of the legislation, as was the case with the enterprise “Bramix Brasileira de Mármore Exportada SA”. The Government is once again asked to indicate the measures taken to ensure that the legislation on occupational safety and health is effectively applied.
[The Government is asked to reply in detail to the present comments in 2008.]
1. The Committee notes the information supplied with the Government’s reports in response to its previous comments, as well as the documentation annexed. It notes in particular the information concerning Article 1, paragraphs 1 and 2, of the Convention. The Committee requests the Government to supply supplementary information on the following points.
2. Article 2, paragraphs 1 and 2. Replacing substances and agents to which workers may be exposed in the course of their work by non-carcinogenic substances or agents or by less harmful substances or agents and reducing the number of workers exposed to carcinogenic substances or agents. The Committee notes the Government’s reference to a series of instruments establishing a general obligation for all companies, under the Programme for the Prevention of Environmental Hazards (NR-09), to introduce risk management programmes based on the principles of labour risks’ prevention and their control. The Committee notes efforts undertaken by FUNDACERO and the Secretariat for Health and Safety at Work of the Ministry of Labour to give priority to actions designed for the replacement of carcinogenic substances and agents by less harmful substances and agents, as well as the reduction to the minimum of the number of workers exposed and the duration and degree of such exposure. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the practical implementation of these general legislative provisions and the outcome of the work of FUNDACERO and the Secretariat for Health and Safety at Work.
3. Article 3. Measures to protect workers against the risks of exposure to carcinogenic substances or agents and to establish an appropriate system of records. The Committee notes from the Government’s latest report that a national system of registration for the various types of occupational cancer is at the stage of organization. The Committee expresses the hope that the national register will be operational in the near future. It would remind the Government that the system of records for the prevention and control of occupational cancer consists of keeping records of exposure and of medical examinations so that, as years go by, it is possible to measure the effectiveness of the measures of prevention and to identify remaining dangers or new ones. Referring to section 9.2.1(c) of Regulatory Norm No. 9 (NR-9), of 29 April 1994 which requires enterprises to establish a register of data the Committee requests the Government to specify the data which must be contained in this register to be established in application of the mentioned section.
4. Article 5. Providing for biological examinations or other tests of workers during the period of employment and thereafter. With reference to its previous comments the Committee points out once again that it is necessary to envisage special tests in the case of exposure to specific occupational hazards, in addition to the health examinations provided for in Regulatory Norm No. 7 (NR-7), in order to detect exposure levels and early biological effects as well as responses. While the Government’s report contains no information in reply to the mentioned previous comments, the Committee draws again the Government’s attention to the indications given in item 5.2 of the ILO publication, "Occupational Cancer: Prevention and Control", in Occupational Safety and Health Series No. 39, Geneva, 1989, which explain the importance of biological monitoring to be carried out in addition to medical examinations of workers. The Committee accordingly requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to provide the workers concerned not only with medical examinations at different stages, but also with biological and other tests and investigations necessary to evaluate the exposure of workers with a view to supervising their state of health in relation to the occupational hazards.
5. Article 6, paragraph (c) and Part IV of the report form. Provision of appropriate inspection services for the purposes of supervising the practical application of the Convention. The Committee notes the absence, in the Government’s report, of information requested in its previous comments concerning the measures taken in cases of the systematic negligence of occupational safety and health legislation and non-payment of the fines imposed for violation of occupational safety and health legislation as it was revealed with respect to the enterprise "Bramix Brasileira de Mármore Exportada S.A.". The Government is requested once again to indicate the measures adopted in order to ensure that occupational safety and health legislation is effectively applied in practice.
The Committee notes the information supplied with the Government’s reports in response to its previous comments, as well as the documentation annexed. It draws the Government’s attention to the following points on which additional information is required.
1. Article 1, paragraphs 1 and 2, of the Convention. The Committee notes that Executive Order No. 3, of 10 March 1994, prohibiting the exposure to and the use of various carcinogenic substances, has been revised by Administrative Decree No. 14, of 20 December 1995, amending the item "carcinogenic substances" of Annex 13 of Regulatory Standard No. 15 concerning insalubrious activities and operations and including Annex 13-A on benzene. It notes that article 1 of Administrative Decree No. 14, 1995, prohibits the exposure to a number of carcinogenic substances. In addition, item 3 to Annex 13-A to the National Tripartite Agreement on Benzene, signed on 20 December 1995, prohibits the use of benzene for any purpose since 1 January 1997, except the industries and laboratories enumerated. With regard to the laws and regulations adopted on benzene, the Committee invites the Government to refer to its comments made under the Benzene Convention, 1971 (No. 136). It further invites the Government to provide additional information on other carcinogenic substances and agents, which are prohibited or made subject to authorization or control.
2. Article 2, paragraphs 1 and 2. As concerns carcinogenic substances and agents other than benzene, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that FUNDACERO and the Secretariat for Health and Safety at Work of the Ministry of Labour are trying to give priority to actions designed to the replacement of carcinogenic substances and agents by less harmful substances and agents, as well as to the reduction to the minimum of the number of workers exposed and the duration and degree of such exposure. The Committee, taking due note of this information, requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken or envisaged in this respect. With regard to the replacement and the restricted use of benzene, the Committee invites the Government to refer to its comments provided in relation to the application of the Benzene Convention, 1971 (No. 136).
3. Article 3. The Committee notes Regulatory Norm No. 9 (NR-9), of 29 April 1994, requiring enterprises to establish a programme for environmental health risks. It notes that section 9.2.1(c) of this Regulatory Norm provides for the establishment of a register of data. The Committee requests the Government to specify the data, which must be contained in this register to be established in application of section 9.2.1(c) of NR-9. The Committee further notes the Government’s indication that, while a national system of registration for the various types of occupational cancer does not exist yet, the National Cancer Institute centralizes information of cancer in general from registers maintained in five cities, namely Porto Alegre, Belem, Fortaleza, Campinas and Goiana. However, the national register on various types of cancer of occupational origin is currently being established. The Committee, hoping that the national register will be operational in a near future, would remind the Government that the system of records for the prevention and control of occupational cancer, as provided for under Article 3 of the Convention, consists of keeping records of exposure and of medical examinations so that, as years go by, it is possible to measure the effectiveness of the measures of prevention and to identify remaining dangers or new ones emerging. In this respect, the Committee also invites the Government to refer to the indications given in Paragraph 15 of the Occupational Cancer Recommendation, 1974 (No. 147). As far as benzene is concerned, the Committee notes that item 5.2 of the National Tripartite Agreement on Benzene, signed on 20 December 1995, requires the Ministry of Health to maintain and annually update a register of workers who show symptoms of illnesses related to benzene.
4. Article 5. With regard to medical examinations and biological and other tests and investigations for workers exposed, the Committee notes section 7.3.2. read together with section 7.4.1. of Regulatory Norm No. 7 (NR-7) which provide for pre-assignment, periodic, return-to-work, post-assignment medical examinations of workers as well as for medical examinations of workers when they change their workplace. It notes that sections 7.4.2. to 7.4.3.2. of Regulatory Norm No. 7 (NR-7) prescribe the type of medical examinations to be carried out, as well as the complementary medical examinations to be carried out in relation to high-risk activities. In this respect, the Committee points out that in the case of exposure to specific occupational hazards, special tests are needed which should be carried out in addition to the health examinations provided for in Regulatory Norm No. 7 (NR-7), in order to detect exposure levels and early biological effects as well as responses. To this effect, the Committee also draws the Government’s attention to the indications given in item 5.2 of the ILO publication, "Occupational Cancer: Prevention and Control", in Occupational Safety and Health Series No. 39, Geneva, 1989, which explain the importance of biological monitoring to be carried out in addition to medical examinations of workers. The Committee accordingly requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to provide the workers concerned not only with medical examinations at different stages, but also with biological and other tests and investigations necessary to evaluate the exposure of workers with a view to supervising their state of health in relation to the occupational hazards. Furthermore, referring to the information supplied by the Government in its report of 1995 to the effect that Regulatory Norm No. 7 (NR-7) was being revised, the Committee requests the Government to indicate whether this Norm is still under revision, and, if that is the case, it asks the Government to communicate a copy of Regulatory Norm No. 7 (NR-7), as amended, as soon as it has been adopted.
5. Article 6(a). With reference to its previous comments on the consultation requirements with the workers’ and employers’ organizations concerned when elaborating laws or regulations to give effect to the provisions of the Convention, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that all regulations in the field of occupational safety and health are only adopted after the establishment of a tripartite commission, composed of representatives of the employers’ and workers’ organizations concerned and of the ministries of health, social security, industry and trade, or agriculture, depending on the subject matter.
6. Part IV of the report form and Article 6(c). The Committee notes the documentation supplied by the Government on inspections carried out in the framework of the National Programme on the Reduction of Occupational Diseases and Accidents at Work in the marble and granite industry. It notes in particular the information contained in an inspection report that the enterprise "Bramix Brasileira de Mármore Exportada S.A." systematically does not apply occupational safety and health legislation, neither does it pay the fines imposed for violation of occupational safety and health legislation. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken in such cases in order to ensure that occupational safety and health legislation is effectively applied in practice.
The Committee has taken note of the comments supplied by the trade union of workers employed in the marble, granite and lime industry. The Committee is dealing with the issues raised in its comments made under Convention No. 155. It notes the information sent by the Government concerning this Convention and it proposes to deal with all this information in one of its future sessions.
The Committee notes the information provided in the Government's report. It requests the Government to provide additional information in its next report, on the following points:
Article 1, paragraph 2, of the Convention. 1. The Committee notes from the Government's report that Executive Order No. 3, of 10 March 1994, which prohibits exposure to and the use of various carcinogenic substances, is under revision due to technical difficulties in its application. The Committee further notes that Order No. 2 includes benzene in the list of carcinogenic agents substances classified with specific tolerance limits, under Regulatory Norm No. 15(NR-15), Annex 13. It would be grateful if the Government would provide information on the technical difficulties encountered in applying Order No. 3, and to supply a copy of the revised text.
2. In its previous comments, the Committee noted that section 4 of NR-15, Appendix 12, concerning tolerance limits with respect to asbestos, prohibits the use of all forms of asbestos from the amphibole group. The Committee also noted that section 4.1 of NR-15, Appendix 12, permits exemptions to the prohibition of substances in the amphibole group of asbestos, after consultation with the most representative workers' and employers' organizations concerned and provided that equivalent measures for the protection of workers' health can be guaranteed. The Government indicates in its latest report that no special authorizations for the special use of amphibolites have been granted. The Committee would request the Government to inform on any such exemptions which might be granted in the future pursuant to section 4.1 of NR-15, Appendix 12, indicating the manner in which any derogation certificates are issued and specifying in each case the conditions that have been met.
Article 1, paragraph 3, and Article 2, paragraph 2. The Committee notes Executive Order No. 4 of 11 April 1994 which provides for a new version of Annex 5 of NR-15 in relation to ionizing radiations. The Committee would in this connection draw the Government's attention to revised exposure limits contained in the 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and the 1994 International Basic Safety Standards. Referring also to its 1995 observation under the Radiation Protection Convention, 1960 (No. 115), the Committee requests the Government to supply information on steps taken to reduce the maximum permissible doses in the light of the afore-mentioned Recommendations and Basic Safety Standards.
Article 2, paragraphs 1 and 2. The Committee notes that Inter-Ministerial Order No. 3 of 28 April 1982 states that since benzene can be replaced with less harmful substances, the manufacture of products containing benzene is prohibited, but the presence of benzene is allowed as a contaminating agent in a percentage of no more than 1 per cent in volume (section 1). The Committee requests the Government to indicate the effect, if any, that the revision of Executive Order No. 3 of 10 March 1994 may have on the prohibition against the manufacture of products containing benzene.
In addition, the Committee requests the Government to indicate whether any further measures have been taken or are envisaged to ensure that every effort is made in all possible cases to replace carcinogenic substances and agents to which workers may be exposed by non-carcinogenic substances or agents or by less harmful substances or agents. It also requests the Government to indicate the measures taken to reduce to a minimum the number of workers exposed to carcinogenic substances or agents, as well as the duration and the degree of their exposure.
Article 3. In its previous comments, the Committee noted that pursuant to Regulatory Norm No. 7(NR-7), medical examinations are provided to workers. The Government indicates in its report that a registration system for workers exposed to carcinogenic substances has not yet been established. The Committee hopes that an appropriate system of records will be established and requests the Government to provide information on measures contemplated in this regard. In this connection, the Committee also invites the Government to refer to Chapter 8 of the ILO Occupational Safety and Health Series No. 39 (Occupational cancer: Prevention and control), concerning registers and recording.
Article 5. In its previous comments, the Committee noted that by virtue of NR-7 and sections 168 and 169 of the Consolidated Labour Laws, workers are provided with pre-employment, periodic and discharge medical examinations at the expense of the employer. The Committee also referred to section 5.2 of the Occupational Safety and Health Series No. 39, which indicates the need for special biological monitoring. The Government indicates in its report that NR-7 is currently being revised and refers to special examinations for workers who may have been exposed to benzene. The Committee requests the Government to indicate if such special examinations are to be made available in cases of exposure to carcinogens other than benzene.
The Committee further requests the Government to indicate whether biological examinations are provided to workers exposed to carcinogenic substances; and whether any measures have been taken to provide medical or biological examinations subsequent to employment for workers exposed to carcinogenic substances or agents, in order to detect a cancer which may not be apparent until after the period of employment has ended.
Article 6(a). The Committee would be grateful if the Government would indicate the frequency and the extent of consultations of the representative workers' and employers' organizations concerned with respect to the revision of Executive Order No. 3 and NR-7.
The Committee notes with interest the information provided in the Government's first report. It requests the Government to provide further clarification, in its next report, on the following points:
Article 1, paragraph 2, of the Convention. The Committee notes that section 4 of NR-15, Appendix 12, concerning tolerance limits with respect to asbestos prohibits the use of all forms of asbestos from the amphibole group. Section 4.1 permits derogations of the above prohibition after consultation with the most representative workers' and employers' organizations concerned and provided that equivalent measures for the protection of workers' health can be guaranteed. The Government is requested to indicate whether any derogations have been granted and, if so, to indicate the manner in which certificates are issued specifying in each case the conditions to be met.
Article 2, paragraphs 1 and 2. The Government is requested to indicate the measures taken to ensure that every effort is made in all possible cases to replace carcinogenic substances and agents to which workers may be exposed by non-carcinogenic substances or agents or by less harmful substances or agents. The Government is also requested to indicate the measures taken to reduce to a minimum the number of workers exposed to carcinogenic substances or agents, as well as the duration and the degree of their exposure.
Article 3. The Committee notes from the Government's report that medical examinations are provided to workers by virtue of NR-7. The Government is requested to indicate the measures taken to establish an appropriate system of records with respect to workers exposed to carcinogenic substances. In this regard, the Government may wish to refer to Chapter 8 of Occupational Safety and Health Series No. 39 (Occupational Cancer: Prevention and Control) concerning registers and recording.
Article 5. The Committee notes that by virtue of NR-7 and sections 168 and 169 of the Consolidated Labour Laws, workers are provided with pre-employment, periodic and discharge medical examinations at the expense of the employer. The Committee would call the Government's attention to section 5.2 of the Occupational Safety and Health Series Publication No. 39 which indicates the need for special biological monitoring and requests the Government to indicate whether biological examinations are also provided to workers exposed to carcinogenic substances. The Government is also requested to indicate the measures taken to provide medical examinations subsequent to employment for workers exposed to carcinogenic substances or agents in order to detect a cancer which may not be apparent until after the period of employment has ended.
Article 6(a). The Government is requested to indicate the manner in which the representative workers' and employers' organizations concerned are consulted with respect to the steps taken to give effect to the provisions of the Convention.