Demande directe (CEACR) - adoptée 2004, publiée 93ème session CIT (2005)

The Committee notes the Government’s report and the information related to Decision No. 91-008 AT of 17 January 1991, which was taken in application of certain provisions of Act No. 86-845 of 17 July 1986, and which gives effect to the main provisions of the Convention.

The Committee takes this opportunity to refer to paragraphs 191-202 of its 2001 General Survey on the night work of women in industry, in which it observed that the present trend is no doubt to move away from a blanket prohibition against women’s night work and to give the social partners the responsibility for determining the extent of the permitted exemptions. It also noted that evidently more attention is now being paid to regulating night work for both men and women alike and that many countries are in the process of easing or eliminating legal restrictions on women’s employment during the night with the aim of improving women’s opportunities in employment and strengthening non-discrimination. The Committee further recalled that member States are under an obligation to review periodically their protective legislation in light of scientific and technological knowledge with a view to revising all gender-specific provisions and discriminatory constraints. This obligation stems from Article 11(3) of the 1979 United Nation Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (to which parenthetically France became party in 1983), as later reaffirmed in point 5(b) of the 1985 ILO resolution on equal opportunities and equal treatment for men and women in employment.

More concretely, the Committee drew attention to the Protocol of 1990 to Convention No. 89, which was designed as a tool for smooth transition from outright prohibition to free access to night employment, especially for those States that wished to offer the possibility of night employment to women workers but felt that some institutional protection should remain in place to avoid exploitative practices and a sudden worsening of the social conditions of women workers, and to the Night Work Convention, 1990 (No. 171), which was drafted for those countries which would be prepared to abolish all restrictions on night work of women and offer appropriate protection to all night workers irrespective of gender and occupation. The Committee suggested that, in addition to promoting the ratification of the new Night Work Convention, 1990 (No. 171), greater efforts should be made by the Office to help those constituents who are still bound by the provisions of Convention No. 89, and who are not yet ready to ratify Convention No. 171, to realize the advantages of modernizing their legislation in line with the provisions of the Protocol.

In the light of the preceding observations, the Committee invites the Government to give favourable consideration to the ratification of either Convention No. 171, which shifts the emphasis from a specific category of workers and sector of economic activity to the safety and health protection of all night workers, or the 1990 Protocol which affords considerable flexibility in the application of Convention No. 89 while remaining focused on the protection of female workers. Finally, the Committee requests the Government to provide, in accordance with Part V of the report form, general information concerning the application of the Convention in practice, including for instance extracts from reports of inspection services, the application of the exceptions allowed under the provisions of the Convention, etc.